lessons Archives - Secondary Sparks

Interactive Light Waves Activities for Middle School Science

Michelle Rudolph — Fri, 29 Mar 2024 16:00:43 +0000

It’s amazing how turning off the lights in the classroom and exploring light waves with something as simple as flashlights or colored light bulbs can excite even the quietest of 8th graders. You truly get some of those “wow” moments when doing light waves activities because it is so visual for them. Seeing these concepts come alive truly makes topics come alive for middle school science students in the best way. And you know what? I never get tired of seeing a prism work or putting on a pair of diffraction glasses myself.

The light waves activities here can work for a quite a few middle schools science standards such as:

NGSS MS-PS4-2 – Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.

Florida SC.7.P.10.3 – Recognize that light waves, sound waves, and other waves move at different speeds in different materials.

TEKS 5.6C – Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object and is reflected or travels through one medium to another and is refracted.

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Some of My favorite Light Waves Activities for Middle School Science

1. Using Diffraction Glasses

You’ll never see your students get more excited about seeing a rainbow than you will in the first moments of them putting on some light diffraction glasses. Have your students put them on and then look at the white light in your classroom. For me, the LED classroom lights worked like a charm. They are a little bit of an investment but I have used the same set for almost ten years now and I haven’t lost or broken a single pair yet! These really help students see how white light breaks up into each of the colors in the visible light spectrum.

You can enhance this by getting some color changing light bulbs and placing them in different areas around your classroom. Change the color of the lights with a remote and have students see how each of the different colored lights break up into the colors that make them up.

Sometimes I’ll have students write what they see down in their interactive science notebook and other times I have just used this as an engagement activity to get them excited and curious about our light waves unit.

2. Light Waves Stations

These light waves stations are one of my favorite light waves activities. Using stations provides students with an opportunity to explore different interactions of light waves, perform research, review vocabulary, create a graphic organizer and perform mini labs in the span of 1-2 class periods. These stations include a quiz, a writing response station, a sorting activity, 2 mini labs and research about convex and concave lenses.

Provide students with 6-8 minutes per station and then have them move on to the next. Using stations helps keep engagement high and differentiates instruction so that you can more easily see where students may be struggling with the topic.

3. Exploring How Light Transmits Through Different Materials

For this activity, I provide students with a bucket filled with different types of materials such as cardboard, a CD, cellophane, tissue paper, aluminum foil, a mirror, construction paper, etc. Then, I give them a small flashlight and turn off the classroom lights. Students shine the light through each of the objects and determine if they are reflecting, absorbing or refracting light. This is a simple lab and usually only takes students about 20 minutes to complete if you have them explain their reasoning. If you want to introduce or review more vocabulary with the lab, you can have students identify whether each object was opaque, translucent or transparent.

4. Reviewing Vocabulary and Concepts with Task Cards

Task Cards can be a great way to review vocabulary and specific concepts of light waves. They can be used in a variety of ways to keep things exciting. I tend to use them for gallery walks or review games. You can even assign them as an independent work activity to complete online. This method is great if you are looking for a paper-free, self-grading method.

I include a lot of imagery in my task cards so that students can really visualize the content. Giving them those examples makes the learning more concrete for them and the visual appeal makes them more engaging for students.

5. Bending Light PhET

PhET has a great interactive bending light simulation that is a little more on the advanced side for middle school students but still works really well to show refraction and how the speed of light waves change as they move through different types of media such as air, light, and glass.

6. Pencil Refraction

This is a classic example of refraction that usually helps to illustrate the concept to students pretty quickly. Take a clear glass and fill it with water. Then, add a pencil to the glass of water. Students can look at it from all angles to see refraction in action. Ask your students what they see and many of them will probably say that the pencil appears bent or broken.

This low-prep demo clearly demonstrates how light waves change in speed when moving through different media.

If you are looking for an entire unit of light waves activities for your middle school science class, check out this bundle that has it all covered from your lesson, guided notes, activities, assessment and more.

The post Interactive Light Waves Activities for Middle School Science appeared first on Secondary Sparks.

A Pacing Guide for Teaching Marine Science

Michelle Rudolph — Thu, 05 Jan 2023 19:39:36 +0000

I get questions all the time about the pacing and units included in marine science, and it makes total sense! Many teachers who teach marine science were assigned the class randomly or with no prior experience. And because marine science is often taught as an elective course, there are not as many resources out there to help. If you are new to teaching marine science, let’s look at how to organize your course and a sample pacing guide.

Which Branch of Marine Science are You Teaching?

Before you can plan your pacing guide, you first need to figure out which branch of marine science you will focus on or if you will have a mix of both. There are two main branches of teaching marine science: oceanography and marine biology. Both of these could be a whole course on their own.

Oceanography studied the physical and chemical properties of the ocean and abiotic (nonliving) ocean factors. In oceanography, you are studying topics like waves, tides, water chemistry, air-sea interactions, seafloor geography, currents, and more.

Marine biology focuses on the biotic (living) factors of the ocean and how they interact. With marine biology, you would teach topics like plants, seaweed, marine invertebrates, marine vertebrates, and marine ecology.

By teaching marine science, you are essentially bringing both oceanography and marine biology together into one course – and as you can imagine, that’s a lot of content! In the pacing guide (which I will break down in a moment), I focus on oceanography in semester one and marine biology in semester two.

Marine Science Pacing Guide

The tricky part about teaching marine science is combining both oceanography and marine biology together. You will not be able to cover it all, so let’s clear that up from the beginning! Instead, I pick some of the biggest topics and units to cover.

Here is a quick overview of my marine science pacing guide –

Semester One

History of Marine Science
Air-Sea Interactions
Plate Tectonics & Geography of the Ocean Floor
Properties of Water
Properties of Seawater
Challenges of Life in the Ocean
Marine Ecology and Transfer of Energy
Marine Primary Producers

Marine Biology

Porifera (sponges)
Cnidaria & Ctenophora (Jellyfish, Corals, anemone, etc.)
Coral Reef Building and Human Impact
Marine Worms (Roundworms and flatworms)
Mollusca (octopus, squid, oysters, clams, snails, etc.)
Class Crustacea (crabs, lobsters, shrimp, etc.)
Echinoderms (Sea Stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, etc.)
Bony & cartilaginous fish (includes sharks, rays)
Marine Vertebrates (Mammals, birds, reptiles)

If you want a more detailed and in-depth view of my pacing guide, including what I cover week by week, grab the FREE Marine Science Pacing Guide! This will help you structure your units and fit in all the content – without the stress.

Marine Science Resources

When you’re new to teaching marine science, it can feel overwhelming. Trust me, I’ve been there! That’s why I share my done-for-you units and resources, so you don’t have to spend hours of your time creating activities and lessons from scratch. Check out some of the marine science resources –

History of Marine Science – Kick off your marine science unit with a look at the history! This resource includes a PowerPoint, guided notes, and assessment to make planning a breeze. You’ll cover topics like reasons for exploring the ocean, ancient oceanographers, and well-known scientists.

Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift – Students will learn about the Big Bang Theory, plate tectonics, mid-ocean ridge, and much more in this unit. You’ll get access to a PowerPoint, guided notes, and an assessment.

Properties of Water – This unit bundle includes a PowerPoint, guided notes, and assessment, so you can plan a unit from start to finish with ease. Cover topics like the geometry of water molecules, cohesion, surface tension, and more.

You can explore all of my marine science resources below!

View All the Marine Science Resources

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